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A conventional septic system (tank plus drain field) typically costs $5,000–$15,000 for a standard residential installation. Complex systems (including mound systems, aerobic systems, or installations on difficult terrain) can run $15,000–$30,000 or more. Cost depends on system type, lot conditions, local permit fees, and tank size.

Most jurisdictions require a site evaluation (perc test or soil morphology assessment), a permit application, and approved system design before installation can begin. A licensed engineer or soil scientist typically conducts the site evaluation. Your contractor can handle permitting in most cases.

Installation typically takes two to five days for a conventional system once permits are approved. The permitting process itself can take several weeks depending on your county. Total time from application to completed installation is often four to eight weeks.

The most common types include conventional gravity systems (tank plus drain field), mound systems (used on sites with high water tables or shallow soil), aerobic treatment units (ATUs), drip irrigation systems, and constructed wetlands. Your soil conditions and lot size determine which system types are viable.

A well-designed and properly maintained conventional septic system can last 25–40 years or more. The drain field component often has the shortest lifespan and may need replacement or rehabilitation after 20–30 years. Regular pumping and avoiding system abuse significantly extend system life.

Yes, it's strongly recommended. Prices and approaches vary significantly between contractors. Get at least two to three bids from licensed installers. Compare not just price but system type proposed, materials, warranty terms, and the contractor's experience with your local regulatory environment.